关于进口食品《入境货物检验检疫证明》的法律思考

Legal Thoughts on the Certificate of Customs Inspection and Quarantine for Imported Food

《入境货物检验检疫证明》是海关对进口法定检验检疫货物签发的执法文书之一。本文回顾了进口食品《入境货物检验检疫证明》的法律依据与文书变迁,认为《入境货物检验检疫证明》是进口食品的法定合格凭证,是食品进口后生产经营过程中查验的凭据之一,但不具有合格保证的法律效力,也不能免除进口商和经营者法定的产品质量责任,进口食品消费者与海关之间也不因《入境货物检验检疫证明》形成法律利害关系。进口食品《入境货物检验检疫证明》评语应当强调海关对进口食品已经实施食品安全合格评定、进口商和经营者继续承担食品安全质量责任。同时,海关应当建立进口食品检验检疫证明的效力终止程序,并加强与地方政府市场监督管理部门的信息沟通。

The Certificate of Inspection and Quarantine for Imported Goods(CIQIG)is one of the law enforcement documents issued by the Customs for imported food.This paper reviews the legal basis and the change of CIQIG,and discusses the legal status of the documents.CIQIG is the legal qualification documents of imported foods issued by the government,and one of the documents verified by operators in the process of production and operation of imported food.However,CIQIG can neither provide the legal effect of quality assurance for the imported food by the Customs,nor exempt importers and operators from legal liability for food quality.There is no legal interests incurred between consumers and the Customs.Thus,it is advisable to improve the remarks of CIQIG to emphasize that the Customs has implemented the safety assessment for imported food,and the importers and operators shall continue to bear the liability for food safety and quality.The Customs shall establish procedures for terminating the validity of CIQIG,and strengthen the information communication with the Bureau of Market Supervision and Administration of the local government.