两种国产海蛇排毒量的种间差异及形态相关性

Interspecific Variation and Morphological Correlation between Venom Yields of Two Domestic Sea Snakes

以青环海蛇(Hydrophis cyanocinctus)和平颏海蛇(Hydrophis curtus)为实验对象,探讨2种海蛇排毒量的种间差异及与形态特征的关系。研究结果显示,2种海蛇头体长(SVL)频次分布均符合正态分布且无显著性别差异,青环海蛇的SVL大于平颏海蛇。雄性青环海蛇的尾长(TL)显著大于雌性,而头长(HL)和头宽(HW)无性别差异;雌性平颏海蛇的HW显著大于雄性,而TL和HL无性别差异。2种海蛇的TL、HL和HW存在显著的种间差异。青环海蛇雌性和雄性排毒量的鲜质量、干质量和干物质含量分别为43.18 mg和33.36 mg、9.14 mg和8.05 mg、21.51%和25.01%,平颏海蛇雌性和雄性排毒量的鲜质量、干质量和干物质含量分别为33.16 mg和34.71 mg、4.40 mg和5.30 mg、13.30%和15.05%。2种海蛇排毒量的鲜质量、干质量和干物质含量无性别差异。2种海蛇的SVL、HL与排毒量鲜质量、干质量存在显著的正相关;青环海蛇HW与排毒量鲜质量存在正相关,但与干质量无显著性相关;平颏海蛇HW与排毒量鲜质量无关,但与干质量呈负相关;2种海蛇SVL、HL与干物质含量无关,但HW与干质量呈负相关。2种海蛇排毒量鲜质量、干质量和干物质含量存在显著的种间差异。本研究初步阐明了2种海蛇的排毒量特征及其形态相关性,为海蛇咬伤的临床诊疗、抗海蛇毒血清的研制及蛇毒天然活性药物的开发提供参考。

Two domestic sea snakes(Hydrophis cyanocinctus and Hydrophis curtus)were used to detect the interspecific differences between venom yields,and the potential correlation between venom yield and morphological traits.The results indicated that SVL of both species shows normal distribution without significant difference between sexes,where SVL of H.cyanocinctus is relatively longer than that of H.curtus.TL of male H.cyanocinctus is significantly longer than that of female H.cyanocinctus,whereas there were no sex-based differences in HL and HW.HW of female H.curtus is significantly wider than that of male H.curtus,whereas there were no sex-based differences in TL and HL.There are significant differences of TL,HL and HW between H.cyanocinctus and H.curtus.The wet mass,dry mass and solid content of the venom yield of female H.cyanocinctus were 43.18 mg,9.14 mg and 21.51%respectively;and those of the venom yield of male H.cyanocinctus were 33.36 mg,8.05 mg and 25.01%respectively.The wet mass,dry mass and solid content of the venom yield of female H.curtus were 33.16 mg,4.40 mg and 13.30%respectively;and those of the venom yield of male H.curtus were 34.71 mg,5.30 mg and 15.05%respectively.There are no sex-based difference between wet mass,dry mass and solid content of the venom yield of the two snakes.The result indicated that SVL and HL are positively correlated with venom wet mass and dry mass in both sea snakes.HW of H.cyanocinctus is positively correlated with venom wet mass,but not significantly correlated with venom dry mass.HW of H.curtus was not correlated with venom wet mas,but positively correlated with venom dry mass.SVL and HL are not correlated with venom solid content in the two snakes,while HW is negatively correlated with venom solid content.In addition,the wet mass,dry mass and solid content of venoms from H.cyanocinctus and H.curtus showed significant interspecific differences.In conclusion,interspecific variation and morphological correlation between the venom yield of H.cyanocinctus and that of H.curtus were clarified,which might provide implications for clinical treatment of envenomation caused by sea snakes,preparation of the antivenoms and exploration of the natural active components from venoms。