权力义务视角下完善向基层赋权的思考

On Improving the Empowerment of Grassroots from the Perspective of Power and Obligation

2010年开始,向基层赋权作为行政体制改革的重要内容在全国范围铺开。从权力义务视角对其进行研究有现实的必要性。赋权的核心是行政权力的转移,以权力转移过程中涉及的诸要素为切入点,可以分析出多重权力关系和有关主体在其中的权力义务。在此基础上,通过保障行政相对人对于赋权的参与权、设计上级行政机关实施赋权的制度、消除上级行政机关赋权的依据问题和设计基层行政机关行使权力的制度等方式完善向基层赋权,既使行政机关能够有效推进行政体制改革,又能对行政权进行有效规范、保障行政相对人权利。

Since 2010,as an important part of the administrative system reform,empowering the grassroots has been carried out nationwide.It is necessary to study it from the perspective of power and obligation.The core of empowerment is the transfer of administrative power.Taking the elements involved in the process of power transfer as the starting point,we can analyze the multiple power relations and the power obligations of the relevant subjects.On this basis,by ensuring the participation right of the administrative counterpart,designing the system for the higher administrative organs to implement the empowerment,eliminating the basis for the higher administrative organs to empower,and designing the system for the grassroots administrative organs to exercise their power,we can improve the empowerment to the grassroots.This not only enables the administrative organs to effectively promote the reform of the administrative system,but also effectively regulates the administrative power and protects the rights of the administrative counterpart.