基于条件延期支付和现金折扣的零售商最优订货与付款策略

Optimal retailer's replenishment and payment policies under conditional delay in payment and cash discount

基于条件延期支付和现金折扣的组合商业信用条款下研究了零售商的最优订货和付款策略。假设供应商向零售商提供条件延期支付和现金折扣的组合商业信用条款,同时考虑零售商非瞬时补货这一现实情形,以年平均成本最小化为目标分情形构建相应的库存模型。首先,通过理论推导证明了最优解的存在性和唯一性并给出了相关定理结论,然后利用最优解的性质给出了用以确定零售商最优订货和付款策略的求解算法,最后通过具体算例展示了模型的可行性和实用性,并完成相关参数的敏感性分析。研究发现,设置合适的条件延期支付阈值不仅能激励零售商增加订货量,还能促使其尽早支付货款。此外,现金折扣期限与延期支付期限的时间间隔越短或现金折扣比例越大,零售商越倾向于尽早支付货款。

The retailer's replenishment and payment policies was studied under conditional delay in payment and cash discount.It was assumed that the supplier had offered a combination trade credit terms of conditional delay in payment and cash discount to the retailer,and considered that the reality of the retailer's non-instantaneous replenishment.The inventory models were formulated based on the relationship of the trade credit period and replenishment cycle so as to minimize the average total cost.The existence and uniqueness of the optimal policy were proved,and some relevant theorems were derived.Two algorithms were designed to find the optimal replenishment cycle time and payment policies.A numerical example was presented to illustrate the theoretical results,and the sensitivity analysis of the major parameters was performed.The research results showed that the appropriate conditional delay set by supplier set in payment threshold could not only motivate the retailer to increase order quantity,but also attract the retailer to pay for purchases earlier.In addition,the retailer tended to pay as early as possible under the conditions of the shorter time interval between cash discount period and permissible delay period or the larger the cash discount rate.