偶氮苯衍生物探针在乏氧细胞成像中的应用

Application of Azobenzene Derivative Probes in Hypoxia Cell Imaging

细胞不受控制的生长增殖和异常的血管系统导致肿瘤部位氧气供应不足,氧气浓度低于正常组织。细胞乏氧是大多数实体瘤的共同特征,可用作恶性组织和癌症进展的指标。准确的乏氧检测和成像对癌症患者的诊断和临床治疗至关重要。荧光成像具有高灵敏度、无创、实时等优点,常被用于癌症检查。偶氮基团由于其对荧光基团的荧光猝灭作用和还原断裂荧光恢复的特性,近年来被广泛用来构筑荧光探针,用于乏氧细胞成像。本文按不同的构筑策略分类介绍偶氮苯衍生物探针,阐述它们的作用机理和成像能力,并对此类探针的局限和未来发展进行总结和展望。

Tumor tissues have lower oxygen concentration compared to normal tissues,due to the inadequate oxygen supply caused by uncontrolled cell growth and proliferation,in addition to an abnormal vasculature.As a common feature of solid tumors,hypoxia can be an indicator of malignant tissues or cancer progression.Accurate hypoxia detection and imaging are essential for the diagnosis and clinical treatment of cancer patients.Fluorescence imaging has been used in cancer detection because of its high sensitivity,non-invasive and real-time characteristics.During recent years,azo groups have been widely used to construct fluorescent probes for hypoxia cell imaging,owing to the fluorescence quenching effect on fluorophores and their reductive cleavage resulting in fluorescence recovery.This review summarizes various azobenzene derivative probes according to different construction strategies,and explores their mechanism and application in imaging.The limitations and future development of these probes are also discussed.