儿童支气管哮喘相关死亡的现状与危险因素

Asthma related death and its risk factors in children

支气管哮喘(简称哮喘)是最常见的儿童呼吸系统慢性疾病。随着吸入性糖皮质激素使用的增加,全球哮喘死亡下降了近2/3。在世界范围内,儿童哮喘死亡率非常低,为0~0.7/10万,但大多数的死亡仍存在可能避免的危险因素。哮喘死亡的危险因素包括哮喘控制不良、治疗依从性差、医师处方的药量不足、肺功能监测不足、精神心理问题以及存在有食物过敏、哮喘急性发作的识别及处理不足、β2受体激动剂使用不当以及哮喘行动计划应用不足等。现就儿童哮喘死亡现状及其危险因素进行阐述,为进一步改善哮喘管理策略提供依据。

Bronchial asthma is the most common chronic respiratory disease in children.With the increasing use of inhaled corticosteroids,asthma deaths in the world have decreased by nearly two thirds.Mortality of childhood asthma is very low,ranging from 0 to 0.7/100000,however,most of risk factors of asthma death could be avoidable.Risk factors of asthma death include poor asthma control,poor treatment compliance,insufficient medicine prescribed by doctors,insufficient monitoring of lung function,mental and psychological problems,food allergy,insufficient recognition and treatment of asthma exacerbation,improper use ofβ2-receptor agonist,insufficient application of asthma action plan,et al.The mortality and risk factors of asthma in children were reviewed,which could support further improving asthma management strategies.