夜晚整层大气透过率与水汽总量同步测量

Simultaneous Measurement of Total Atmospheric Transmittance and Precipitable Water Vapor at Night

为了同步获取夜间晴空视线无云下整层大气透过率和水汽总量,将望远镜、多波段滤光片与近红外增强型CCD相结合,搭建了利用恒星辐射进行测量的研究平台。首先通过望远镜收集恒星辐射,辐射通过分波段滤光片滤光,利用CCD采集恒星图像。进一步提取拍摄图像的灰度值,采用Langley标定法计算整层大气透过率,同时利用改进的Langley法计算大气水汽总量。对测量结果、激光雷达和微波辐射计的测量值进行比较,验证了测量方法的可靠性。所开展的工作丰富了夜晚同步测量整层大气透过率和水汽总量的手段,对空间遥感和气象研究有一定的应用价值。

In order to simultaneously obtain the total atmospheric transmittance and precipitable water vapor at night under clear sky and cloudless view conditions,a research platform for stellar radiation measurement is built by combining telescope,multi-band filter,and near infrared enhanced CCD radiometer.First,the stellar radiation is collected by telescope.The radiation is filtered by sub-band filter,and the star image is collected by CCD.The gray value of the acquired image is further extracted,and the total atmospheric transmittance is calculated by Langley calibration method.At the same time,the precipitable water vapor is calculated by using the improved Langley method.The measurement results are compared with those of lidar and microwave radiometer to verify the reliability of the measurement method.The work in this paper enriches the means of simultaneous measurement of total atmospheric transmittance and precipitable water vapor at night,and has certain application value for space remote sensing and meteorological research.