植物花蜜提取、保存与检测分析方法及比较

Comparison of floral nectar extraction,preservation,and detection methods

花蜜富含多种有机物和微量元素,不同植物花蜜的分泌量以及化学物质构成存在很大差异,不同花蜜采集和保存方法都会影响其成分分析结果。本研究参考相关文献,总结了常用的6种野外花蜜收集方式(注射器法、毛细管法、滤纸法、溶液稀释法、离心法和抽吸法),6种花蜜保存方式(4℃冷藏保存、-20℃冷冻保存、-80℃超低温保存、-196℃液氮保存、添加防腐剂保存和滤纸保存)以及3类花蜜化学特征检测方式(手持折光仪、比色法和色谱分析)。深入比较了各种方法的优缺点及其潜在的适用对象,在条件允许的情况下,毛细管法、-80℃超低温保存及色谱分析是花蜜收集、保存及分析最常使用的方法。

Nectar is rich in organic compounds and microelements.However,nectar volume and chemical composition can vary substantially among plant species.Thus,nectar extraction and storage methods may affect component analysis.Based on a systematic review of the current literature,we summarizes six common nectar sampling methods in the field,including micropipettes and microsyringes,microcapillary tubes,filter paper,solution dilution,centrifugation,and aspiration;six nectar storage methods,including refrigeration at 4℃,freezing at-20℃,ultra-low freezing at-80℃,liquid nitrogen storage at-198℃,antimicrobial preservation,and filter paper storage;and three nectar characteristic measurement methods,including handheld refractometry,colorimetry,and chromatography.We further discuss the advantages and disadvantages of these methods and their potential application for different plant species.Under appropriate conditions,the most commonly used methods for nectar collection,storage,and analysis are microcapillary tubes,ultra-low freezing at-80℃,and chromatography.