恩格斯晚年对马克思劳动价值论的捍卫

Engels’ Defense of Marx’s Theory of Labor Value in His Later Years

晚年的恩格斯把捍卫马克思劳动价值论作为自己的重要使命。对《资本论》第二卷和第三卷的整理、编辑、出版是恩格斯捍卫马克思劳动价值论最重要的表现,尤其是《资本论》第三卷中生产价格和平均利润理论作为马克思劳动价值论充分发展的形式,给予以洛里亚为代表的资产阶级庸俗经济学有力回击。在马克思经济学著作再版时,恩格斯还通过精心撰写的导言、序言使读者准确理解马克思劳动价值论的形成过程与基本观点。恩格斯把历史唯物主义和劳动价值论的阐述有机结合起来,在用通俗易懂的话语阐释劳动价值论时,始终坚持马克思主义的科学性和真理性,反对把马克思主义抽象化、绝对化和庸俗化的倾向。

In his later years, Engels took defending Marx’s labor theory of value as his important mission. Sorting out, editing and publishing the second and third volumes of capital is the most important expression of Engels’ defense of Marx’s labor theory of value, especially the theory of production price and average profit in the third volume, as a form of full development of Marx’s labor theory of value, gives a powerful counterattack to bourgeois vulgar economics represented by Loria. Engels also helps people understand the formation process and basic viewpoints of Marx’s labor theory of value through the introduction and preface of Marx’s economic works when they are published or reprinted. Engels combines historical materialism and labor theory of value organically. When explaining labor theory of value with easy to understand words, he always adheres to the scientificity and truth of Marxism, and opposes the tendency to abstract, absolutely and vulgarize Marxism in the popularization of Marxism.