我国专业学位研究生教育发展的回溯与前瞻

Retrospect and prospect of the professional degree graduate education system in China

我国专业学位研究生教育历经三十余年的发展,依次经历了探索期、发展期、完善期,其间呈现规模化、服务化、规范化、内涵化的基本特征,即构建了层次类型丰富的专业学位研究生教育体系,为经济社会发展培养了大批高层次应用型人才,形成了较为健全的专业学位质量保障体系,积极探索以职业为导向的研究生培养模式。面对新时代、新技术、新要求,我国专业学位研究生教育仍存在供给能力尚未满足高层次应用型人才需求,专业学位与职业资格的衔接需进一步深化,企业参与专业学位研究生教育的动力不足,科研训练无法达到专业学位研究生的预期等问题。未来我国专业学位研究生教育应当扩大规模,优化人才培养结构;聚焦岗位,对接国家职业资格认证;强化协同,构建产教融合生态系统;分类评价,提升应用科研训练效果。

The professional degree graduate education system in China has been developed for thirty years,going through the exploration period,the development period,and the improvement period.The basic characteristics of scale,service,standardization,and connotation are presented in the development process.That is,a professional degree graduate education system with rich levels and types has been constructed;a large number of high-level application talents have been cultivated for economic and social development;a relatively sound quality assurance system of professional degrees has been formed;career-oriented graduate training models have been actively explored.Facing the new era,new technology and new requirements,there are still some problems in professional degree graduate education.The supply capacity has not yet met the needs of high-level applied talents;the connection of professional degrees and professional qualifications needs to be further deepened;the motivation of enterprises to participate in professional degree graduate education is insufficient;the scientific research training cannot meet the expectations of professional degree graduate students.In the future,professional degree graduate education in China should expand its scale and optimize the structure of talent training;focus on posts and dock with national professional qualification certification system;strengthen collaboration and build an ecosystem of integration of production and education;implement classified evaluation and improve the effect of applied scientific research training.