贵州高原花溪水库浮游植物优势种生态位及种间联结性动态分析

Dynamic analysis of niche and interspecific association of dominant phytoplankton species in Huaxi Reservoir of Guizhou Plateau

为了解贵州高原花溪水库在2017年3月生态调控蓝藻水华后,浮游植物物种多样性结构的稳定状况,于2017年4月2018年1月4个季节对花溪水库的浮游植物群落结构进行调查.运用生态位宽度、生态位重叠值、方差比率法、卡方检验和联结系数对主要浮游植物群落间的相互关系进行综合分析.结果表明:4个季节共出现优势种4门11种,其中硅藻门的尖针杆藻(Synedra acusva)和梅尼小环藻(Cylotella meneghiniana)在4个季节都为优势种,对水环境状态指示明显.各优势种的生态位宽度差异较大,变化范围为0.120~0.814,主要由广生态位种和窄生态位种组成.种对间生态位重叠值的变化范围为0.101~0.936,生境越相似的种对重叠值越大.方差比率法结果分析显示,优势种对间总体呈显著正关联.通过卡方检验后发现38对藻种中联结性显著的有9对,主要分布在夏、秋季,体现了花溪水库群落结构受人为干扰和季节变化的影响较大,呈"不稳定-稳定-不稳定"的交叉演替模式.

In order to understand the stability of the phytoplankton species diversity structure of the Huaxi Reservoir on the Guizhou Plateau after the ecological regulation of cyanobacteria blooms in March of 2017,the phytoplankton community structure of Huaxi Reservoir was investigated in the four seasons from April 2017 to January 2018.The relationship between the main phytoplankton communities was comprehensively analyzed using niche width,niche overlap,variance ratio method,Chi-square test,and connection coefficient.The results showed that there are 4 Phylum and 11 Genus in four seasons,among which Synedra acusva and Cylotella meneghiniana were the dominant species in 4 seasons,which indicate the state of the water environment.The niche width of each dominant species is quite different,the variation range is 0.120-0.814,mainly composed of wide niche species and narrow niche species.Niche overlap between species pairs varies from 0.101 to 0.936,the more similar the habitat,the greater the overlap value.Variance ratio method analysis shown that the dominant species pairs are generally positively correlated.The Chi-square test shows that 9 pairs of 38 pairs of algae species are significantly connected,mainly distributed in summer and autumn,reflecting the great influence of human disturbance and seasonal changes on the community structure of Huaxi Reservoir,showing a cross succession model of"unstable-stable-unstable".