成组爆破单元装药位置对破冰效果影响研究

Research on Effect of Different Group Charge Position on Ice Blasting

利用ANSYS/LS-DYNA有限元软件研究了炸药入水深度为0.5 m、1 m、1.5 m、2 m、2.5 m和3 m水下成组爆破单元对破冰疏通通道效果的影响,分析了成组爆破单元水下爆炸过程中的载荷类型及冲击波作用过程,得出了有效破冰通道宽度与爆破单元入水深度和水域深度之间的拟合关系。模拟结果与破冰试验结果吻合良好,在深度为5 m的水中,装药位置在水下1.5 m处破冰效果最好,破冰通道宽度大于冰洞直径。模拟结果显示,在水深一定的情况下,破冰有效宽度随爆破单元入水深度的增加呈先增大再减小的趋势,在同等入水位置的爆破单元,爆破单元所处环境水深越大,其有效破冰宽度越来越小,在深度小于5 m的水域中,对于装药量4 kg,装药间距5.5 m的爆破单元位于水下0.5~2 m时,能开辟的有效破冰通路宽度均达6 m以上。研究结果为防凌破冰设备的研制提供了理论依据。

The effect on ice channel with the group charge at different depth value of 0 m,0.5 m,1 m,1.5 m,2 m,2.5 m and 3 m are simulated with the way of numerical simulation based on LS-DYNA,studying the load type of underwater explosion and the interrelated process of the shock wave,and the relationship between the water depth and the depth of blasting units in water to the ice-breaking channel width was obtained,and compared with the results of ice breaking experiment of Yellow River.the numerical simulation results are consistent with the experiment.According to simulation results,the optimized ice-breaking effect was obtained at the position 1.5 meter underwater when the water is deeper than 5.0 meters,the width of ice-breaking channel is larger than the diameter of the ice cave.In the case of certain water depth,the ice-breaking width firstly increased and then decreased with the increase of the water-entry depth of the blasting units.When the blasting units at the same location of the water,the width of ice-breaking became smaller and smaller as the water depth of the blasting units increasing.In the water area of depth less than 5m,the ice-breaking path width could reach 6.0m,when the blasting units for 4 kg at the location of 0~2 m.The results would provides theoretical basis for the development of ice-jam breaking equipment.