全球海温对太阳射电通量异常的响应及其对降水的影响

Response of global sea temperature to solar radio flux anomaly and its influence on precipitation

太阳活动对全球气候的影响一直是人们关心的热门话题,尤其是太阳活动对海温和降水的影响吸引更多学者的目光.本文通过研究全球0~700 m海温对太阳射电通量(Solar Radio Flux,缩写为SRF)的响应,发现全球海温对太阳活动响应具有空间分布不均匀性特征,显著响应的地区集中在太平洋和南大西洋,显著响应的层次主要在0~200 m.利用响应太阳活动显著区域的海温资料,定义一个响应太阳活动的海温异常指数,研究该指数与同期和滞后1年全球冬夏季降水的相关分布,发现指数高时夏季热带中太平洋降水增多,南北半球中高纬地区降水增加,呈带状分布,南极地区降水显著减少;我国江南东部地区、青藏高原和山东半岛降水减少.冬季热带中部太平洋和东南太平洋地区降水增多,赤道西太平洋降水明显偏少,北极地区降水显著偏多,热带西太平洋和孟加拉湾降水减少,南北两个半球中高纬度地区降水增多;我国华南地区广西和广东西部、海南一带降水增多,东北地区降水减少,青藏高原地区降水显著增加.当海温异常指数低时,情况相反.研究结果表明,海温异常通过影响降水放大了太阳活动的作用.由此推测,在考虑夏季降水的预测问题时,由太阳活动引起的太平洋和大西洋海温异常对降水的影响应该引起重视.

The influence of solar activities on the global climate has been a popular topic in recent years.In particular,the impact of solar activities on sea temperature and global precipitation has attracted even more attentions.This paper studies the response of global sea temperature(0~700 m)to solar radio flux and discovers that the distribution of responses is spatially uneven.The regions with significant responses are concentrated in the Pacific and the South Atlantic,their depths ranging from 0 to 200 m.Hence,the sea temperature data from these regions is utilized to define the sea temperature anomaly index,which reflects the responded intensity of SRF.Furthermore,the correlation coefficients between the index and the summertime and wintertime global precipitation both in the same period and one year later are calculated respectively.It is found that the higher index is accompanied with larger amount of rainfall in the tropical Central Pacific in the summer as well as in the mid-high altitudes in the south and north hemisphere,with zonal distributions.Meanwhile,the precipitation in Antarctica declines significantly.The precipitation in the east part of the south of the Yangtze River,the Tibetan Plateau and the Shandong Peninsula also decreases.In the winter,precipitation increases in the tropical Central Pacific and the southeast Pacific,while it decreases significantly in the equatorial West Pacific.Higher amount of rainfall is also recorded in the Arctic region,and lower amount of rainfall is detected in the tropical West Pacific and the Bay of Bengal.There is more precipitation in the mid-high altitudes both in the south and north hemispheres.The rainfall amount goes up in South China,including Guangxi,west Guangdong and Hainan,while it goes down in Northeast China.In addition,precipitation increases significantly in the Tibetan Plateau.The opposite situations will occur with anomalous sea temperatures and a low index.The research findings show that the role of solar activities is amplified by sea temperature anomaly through precipitation fluctuation.Hence it is necessary to set the impact of solar activity-induced sea temperature anomaly in the Pacific and the Atlantic as an important factor for precipitation forecast in the summer.