社区空巢老人孤独感现状及影响因素分析

Analysis on the status quo and influencing factors of loneliness of empty-nesters in community

目的:了解社区空巢老人孤独感现状并探讨其相关影响因素。方法:2019年1月—2019年7月采用便利抽样法选取重庆市6个主城区的385名社区空巢老人为调查对象,采用一般资料调查表、UCLA孤独量表(UCLA)、阿森斯失眠量表(AIS)及社会支持评定量表(SSRS)对其进行调查并统计分析。结果:385名社区空巢老人孤独感得分为(39.65±7.36)分,中等及以上水平孤独感者占78.45%。多元线性回归分析发现,独居、月收入较低、睡眠障碍是社区空巢老人孤独感的危险因素,参加体育锻炼、饲养宠物、社会支持水平较高是社区空巢老人孤独感的保护因素。结论:社区空巢老人孤独感水平较高,社区工作人员应针对孤独感的主要影响因素制定切实可行的干预措施,从而降低其孤独感,改善空巢老人的生活质量。

Objective:To investigate the status quo of loneliness of empty-nesters in community and explore the influencing factors.Methods:From January 2019 to July 2019,a total of 385 empty-nesters in 6 urban districts of Chongqing were selected as the survey subjects by convenience sampling method.General Information Questionnaire,UCLA Loneliness Scale(UCLA),Athens Insomnia Scale(AIS)and Social Support Rating Scale(SSRS)were used to investigate and statistically analyze the empty-nesters.Results:The loneliness score of 385 empty-nesters in the community was(39.65±7.36),and 78.45%of the empty-nesters in the community with moderate or above loneliness level.Multiple linear regression analysis showed that living alone,low monthly income and sleep disorders were the risk factors for the loneliness of the empty-nesters in the community,while participation in physical exercise,keeping pets and high social support level were the protective factors for the loneliness of the empty-nesters in the community.Conclusions:The loneliness of the empty-nesters in the community was relatively higher,and the community staff should formulate feasible intervention measures aiming at the main influencing factors of loneliness,so as to reduce their loneliness and improve the quality of life of the empty-nesters.