不同性别高血压患者药物使用情况分析

Analysis of Drug Use in Hypertensive Patients of Different Genders

目的探讨不同性别高血压患者药物使用情况。方法选取2017年1月~2020年5月我院诊断为高血压患者3047例作为研究对象,分析不同性别的高血压患者基本资料和降压药服用情况。结果不同性别间年龄、饮酒率、抽烟率、合并慢性肾脏疾病率、SBP、DBP、TC、TG、HDL-C、LDL-C、肌酐水平比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同性别间BMI、肥胖、合并冠心病、合并糖尿病、合并心衰、合并脑卒中、HbA1c、尿素水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。不同性别的高血压患者服药种类数量比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);50~79岁的女性高血压患者服药比例高于男性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且随着年龄增加,男性和女性的服药比例均呈现上升趋势。合并脑卒中的男性高血压患者服药比例高于女性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);其他合并症患者(合并冠心病、合并糖尿病、合并慢性肾脏病、合并心衰)女性和男性服药比例比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);使用利尿剂、CCB、ARB的女性高血压患者多于男性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);而使用β-阻滞剂及ACEI的女性和男性服药比例比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论不同性别高血压患者药物使用和血压控制有一定差异,高血压患者中女性比男性更有可能接受治疗,但控制血压效果却不如男性,不同性别可能需要不同的高血压管理策略。

Objective To explore the use of hypertensive drugs in hypertensive patients of different genders.Methods A total of 3047 patients with hypertension diagnosed in our hospital from January 2017 to May 2020 were selected as the research objects to analyze the basic data of hypertensive patients of different genders and the use of antihypertensive drugs.Results There were statistically significant differences in age,drinking rate,smoking rate,combined chronic kidney disease rate,SBP,DBP,TC,TG,HDL-C,LDL-C,and creatinine levels among different sexes(P<0.05);There were no statistically significant differences in BMI,obesity,combined with coronary heart disease,combined with diabetes,combined with heart failure,combined with stroke,HbA1c,and urea levels among different genders(P>0.05).There was a statistically significant difference in the number of medications taken by hypertensive patients of different genders(P<0.05);The proportion of female patients with hypertension between 50 and 79 years old was higher than that of males,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).With the increase of age,the proportion of men and women taking drugs had shown an upward trend.The proportion of male hypertensive patients with stroke was higher than that of females,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);There was no statistically significant difference in the proportion of women and men taking medication among patients with other comorbidities(coronary heart disease group,diabetes group,chronic kidney disease group,congestive heart failure group)among women and men(P>0.05);There were more female hypertensive patients than males who use diuretics,CCB and ARB,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);Compared with the proportion of women and men takingβ-blockers and ACEI,the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).Conclusion There are certain differences in the use of drugs and blood pressure control in hypertensive patients of different genders.Among hypertensive patients,women are more likely to receive treatment than men,but the effect of blood pressure control is not as good as that of men.Different genders may require different hypertension management strategies.