柯萨奇病毒A16型疫苗的研究进展

Progress in research on Coxsackievirus A16 vaccine

手足口病(hand,foot and mouth disease,HFMD)是由肠道病毒引起的传染病,柯萨奇病毒A16型(Coxsackievirus type A 16,CA16)和肠道病毒71型(enterovirus 71,EV71)是引发HFMD流行和暴发的主要病原菌。HFMD在5岁以下的儿童中可引起口腔疼痛、厌食、低热及手、脚和口腔溃疡,大部分儿童约1周痊愈,少数儿童可出现心肌炎、肺水肿、无菌脑膜炎等并发症,甚至导致死亡。疫苗接种是预防HFMD的主要途径,目前,EV71灭活疫苗已上市,但CA16疫苗研究进展仍较缓慢。因此,本文对CA16的全病毒灭活疫苗、减毒活疫苗、亚单位疫苗、DNA疫苗、类病毒颗粒(virus-like particle,VLP)疫苗的研究进展作一综述。

Hand,foot and mouth disease(HFMD)is an infectious disease caused by enteroviruses. Coxsackievirus A16(CA16)and enterovirus 71(EV71)are the most common pathogens which cause the epidemic and outbreak of HFMD. HFMD causes oral pain,anorexia,low fever as well as hand,foot and mouth ulcers in children at ages of less than 5 years,most of which are recovered within about one week. However,the disease may cause complications such as myocarditis,pulmonary edema and sterile meningitis in a small number of children,which even results in death. Vaccination is a major route to prevent HFMD. At present,inactivated EV71 vaccine has been marketed. However,the progress in research on CA16 vaccine is slow. This paper reviews the progress in research on the inactivated whole virus vaccine,live attenuated vaccine,subunit vaccine,DNA vaccine and virus-like particle(VLP)vaccine against CA16.