口蹄疫病毒病毒样颗粒疫苗的研究进展

Progress in research on foot-and-mouth disease virus and the corresponding virus-like particle vaccine

口蹄疫(foot-and-mouth disease,FMD)是由口蹄疫病毒(foot-and-mouth disease virus,FMDV)引起的一种烈性传染病,主要感染牛、猪、绵羊、山羊等偶蹄动物,我国将其列为一类传染病,注射疫苗是控制该疾病的有效措施。病毒样颗粒(virus-like particles,VLPs)的形态结构与天然病毒高度相似,且不含病毒核酸,具有与完整病毒粒子相似的免疫原性,可有效诱导机体产生免疫应答,许多抗原可通过基因工程的方法在VLPs表面展示。FMDV的衣壳蛋白可自组装成VLPs,是一种理想的疫苗。本文主要对FMDV VLPs及其表达系统的研究进展作一综述。

Foot-and-mouth disease(FMD)is a fulminating infectious disease caused by FMD virus(FMDV),which mainly infects artiodactyls such as cattle,pig,sheep and goat,and has been included into Class A infectious diseases.Vaccination is an effective measure to control the disease. Virus-like particles(VLPs) have highly similar morphological structure to that of natural virions and similar immunogenicity to that of intact virions,while contain no viral nucleic acid and may stimulate immune responses. Many antigens may be displayed on the surface of VLPs by genetic engineering technique. The capsid protein of FMDV may be self-assembled into VLPs,which may be used as an ideal vaccine. This paper reviews the progress in research on FMDV VLPs and their expression systems.