开通高铁对沿线城市经济增长的影响研究

The Impact of High-Speed Railways on Urban Economic Growth in China

近年来中国大规模的高铁建设缩短了人员在城市间的旅行时间,对中国经济发展产生了多方面的影响。本文利用2010年至2016年285个地级及其以上城市的面板数据对开通高铁与沿线城市经济增长的关系进行了定量实证研究,并利用东中西部地区子样本和第二、第三产业数据对开通高铁对不同区域和产业的差异化影响进行分析。结果表明,开通高铁城市的经济增长速度会比没有开通高铁的城市快0.49个百分点,现阶段东部地区城市和第三产业在开通高铁后的发展更加迅速,继续加大高铁建设力度是促进东部经济发达城市带动中西部欠发达地区经济发展的有效手段。

The development of the high-speed railways of China has shortened the travel time between cities and had a multi-faceted impact on China's economic growth.By using a panel dataset covering 285 Chinese prefecture-level cities in 2010~2016,this paper examines how improved transportation efficiency induced by high-speed railways may promote economic growth,as well as in the subsample of different regions and different industries.The econometric estimation reflects clear evidence that the construction of high-speed railways has positive effect on the economic growth of Chinese prefecture-level cities.The economic growth rate of the cities with high-speed railway station is 0.49 point higher than the cities without high-speed railway station,ceteris paribus.After the operation of high-speed railways,the economic growth rate of eastern cities and tertiary industry is faster than other cities and industries.The construction of high-speed rails is an effective mean to promote the economic growth of the central and western areas driven by the eastern cities in China.