跨界公共服务供给中社会组织参与的多重困境及其超越——对长三角流动儿童教育服务领域社会组织实践的考察

The Multiple Predicaments and Transcendence of Social Organizational Participation in Cross-border Public Services:An Investigation on the Practices of Social Organizations for Migrant Children s Education in the Yangtze River Delta

社会组织参与服务流动儿童教育实践面临着“跨区域”和“跨领域”的双重困境。一方面,流动儿童教育横跨流入地和流出地政府行政责任边界,面临着跨区域公共服务暗含的“边界分割”的紧张;另一方面,社会组织参与公共服务供给时需积极借助政府、市场和其他社会组织的力量,面临着跨领域协作不可避免的“主体分立”的紧张。本文以长三角地区服务于流动儿童教育领域的多个社会组织的微观实践为蓝本,梳理了社会组织参与服务流动儿童教育面临的多重困境及其实践超越的逻辑。研究发现,在面对跨区域边界分割和跨领域主体分立的现实挑战时,社会组织分别探索出了“网络链接”与“缝隙黏合”的超越性实践策略。一方面,通过搭建中介桥梁、打造链接平台的实践策略以试图消弭跨区域张力;另一方面,运用资源转换、组织切割等实践策略旨在消弭跨领域张力。文章不但丰富了流动儿童教育优化过程中社会组织参与的现实路径,也对社会组织如何调和各类外部紧张关系的理论推进提供了实证经验。

In the practice of migrant children s education services,social organizations have to face the double constraints including“cross-region”and“cross-field”.On the one hand,the education of migrant children straddles the borders of administrative responsibilities between inflow and outflow government,social organizations will face the tension of border division implied by“cross-region”public services;on the other hand,when social organizations participate in the provision of public services,they need to interact closely with the local government,the market,and other social organizations,and are faced with the tension of the inevitable separation named“cross-field”collaboration.Based on the micro-practices of social organizations in the field of migrant children s education in the Yangtze River Delta,the article sorts out the multiple dilemmas faced by social organizations and their practices.The study found that in the face of the above-mentioned challenges,social organizations have respectively explored transcendental practical strategies for“network-link”and“gap-bonding”.On the one hand,by building an intermediary bridge and creating a link platform,social organizations try to remove cross-regional tension;on the other hand,practical strategies of social organizations such as resource conversion,organizational cutting,and identity diversification aim to eliminate cross-field tension.The article not only enriches the realistic path of social organization participation in the process of optimizing the education of migrant children,but also provides empirical experience for the theoretical advancement of social organizations to reconcile external tensions.