科研生命周期理论视角下学术社交网络用户信息需求研究

A Study on the Information Needs of Academic Social Network Users from the Perspective of Research Lifecycle Theory

在数字化科研环境下,图书馆如何创新信息服务以满足用户在科研活动中的信息需求成为重要课题。文章以科研生命周期理论作为视角,对学术社交网络用户信息需求展开实证探索,以期为学术社交网络设计嵌入科研活动环节的、反应用户深度需求的信息服务提供有益参考和借鉴。采用半结构化访谈和程序化编码方法,提炼用户在科研活动中对学术社交网络的信息需求,比较不同特征用户信息需求的差异,并构建学术社交网络用户信息需求模型。研究表明,学术社交网络用户信息需求可以归纳为5个核心范畴、16个主范畴和33个子范畴,不同职业、不同学科特征的用户在学术社交网络中信息需求存在显著差异。其中,学生用户更加侧重技能获取的需求,教师用户更加看重学术资本积累的需求;从事社会科学的用户更加倾向于知识产权保护的需求,从事自然科学的用户更加注重研究共享的需求。而不同性别特征的用户信息需求差异并不显著。

From the perspective of research lifecycle theory,the study explores the information needs of academic social network users,intending to provide useful reference and guideline for the design of information services embedded in research activities and in-depth needs of users for academic social networks.Semi-structured interviews and programmed coding methods were used to refine users’information needs for academic social networks in research activities,compare the differences in information needs of users with different characteristics,and build the information needs model of academic social network users.The study showed that the information needs of academic social network users can be summarized into 5 core categories,16 main categories,and 33 sub-categories.Users of different occupations and different disciplines have significant differences in their information needs of academic social networks.Among them,students pay more attention to the information needs of obtaining information resources,while teachers pay more attention to the information needs of academic capital accumulation;users of social sciences are more inclined to the information needs of intellectual property protection,and users of natural sciences are more inclined to the information needs of research sharing.However,the information needs of users with different gender are not significantly different.