创业、社会网络与农民工的城市身份认同感

Entrepreneurship,Social Network and Migrant Workers’Urban Identity

城乡分割的二元制度使我国农民工面临着身份认同的困境,加快建立起农民工对城市身份的认同有助于其更好地以市民的角色规范约束自身行为,加快融入城市。基于2017年流动人口动态监测数据,实证分析创业对农民工城市身份认同感的影响及其作用机制。结果表明:创业能够显著提升农民工的城市身份认同感,该结论在克服内生性问题后依旧保持不变;社会网络是创业影响农民工城市身份认同感的中间机制之一,即创业能促进农民工更多地与市民交往、提升市民对农民工的接纳程度,进而提升其城市身份认同感;进一步对创业类型作出划分,发现企业家型创业更有助于农民工构建城市身份认同。因此,应健全农民工创业的服务体系,通过鼓励有条件的农民工在城市积极开展创业活动,加快推进我国市民化进程。

The dual system of urban and rural division causes migrant workers in China to face the dilem⁃ma of identity.To accelerate rural migrant workers’identification of their own urban identity will help them bet⁃ter regulate and restrain their behavior with the role of citizens and speed up their integration into the city.Based on the dynamic monitoring data of migrating population in 2017,the paper empirically analyzed the im⁃pact mechanism of entrepreneurship on migrant workers’identity.The research finds that entrepreneurship can significantly improve migrant workers’urban identity,which remains unchanged after endogenous problems were overcome.Mechanism test shows that social network is one of the intermediate mechanisms for entrepre⁃neurship to affect migrant workers’urban identity.That is to say,entrepreneurship can promote migrant workers to communicate more actively with citizens and improve their acceptance of migrant workers,thus enhancing their urban identity.Classification of the types of entrepreneurship led to the finding that entrepreneurial entre⁃preneurship is more helpful for migrant workers to build their urban identity.Therefore,it is suggested that the service system be improved for migrant workers to start their own businesses and the process of urbanization be accelerated by encouraging qualified migrant workers to actively carry out entrepreneurial activities in cities.