微骨穿刺术辅助正畸治疗的研究进展

Research progress on micro-osteoperforation-assisted orthodontic treatment

微骨穿刺术(micro-osteoperforations,MOPs)作为一种微创术式,以最小的手术干预达到预期治疗效果,操作相对简单,辅助正畸治疗效果显著。然而,因缺乏长期随访研究,该术式的长期稳定性尚未达成统一共识。本文就MOPs的发展,生物学与生物力学机制,临床应用及局限性等方面的研究现状进行综述。MOPs通过正畸力发挥局部加速现象(regional acceleratory phenomenon,RAP),能够缩短正畸矫治时间,加速牙齿移动;同时该术式不会破坏牙周组织的健康,术后出血及术后反应较小;另外,患者的疼痛及不适感相对较轻,接受程度高。但其也有局限性,主要包括RAP效应时间有限,MOPs所发挥的时间也受到限制;另外,该术式虽然为微创外科手术,但仍存在治疗区域骨缺损的风险。目前仍需要在增加样本量及延长随访时间的基础上,评估MOPs的长期稳定性。

As a minimally invasive procedure,micro-osteoperforations(MOPs)achieve desired therapeutic effect with minimal surgical intervention.The operation is relatively simple,and the effect of assisted orthodontic treatment is obvious.However,due to the lack of long-term follow-up studies,there is no unified consensus on the long-term stability of the procedure.This article reviews the research status of MOPs,biological and biomechanical mechanisms,clinical applications and limitations.MOPs can shorten orthodontic treatment time and accelerate tooth movement by exerting regional acceleratory phenomena(RAP).At the same time,this procedure will not damage the health of the periodontal tissue,and the postoperative bleeding and postoperative reaction are minor.In addition,the pain and discomfort of patients were relatively mild and acceptable.However,it also has limitations,mainly including the limited time of the RAP effect of MOPs.Although this procedure is a minimally invasive surgery,there is still a risk of treating regional bone defects.At present,it is still necessary to increase the sample size and extend the follow-up time to evaluate the long-term stability of MOPs.