桑葚全果粉与果渣粉对曲奇饼干品质和抗氧化特性的影响

Effects of Mulberry Powder and Mulberry Pomace Powder on the Quality and Antioxidant Properties of Cookies

桑葚资源丰富,加工副产物桑果渣开发利用较少。本文对比分析桑葚果渣粉与全果粉营养品质及两种桑葚粉不同添加量(1%、3%、5%、7%、9%)对曲奇饼干品质及其抗氧化特性的影响,得出桑葚果渣粉添加量对曲奇色泽、硬度、断裂形变、抗氧化特性与感官评分都有显著的影响(P<0.05);桑葚全果粉添加量对曲奇色泽、硬度、抗氧化特性有显著性影响(P<0.05),对曲奇断裂形变和感官评分没有显著性影响(P>0.05)。L、a~*和b~*都随着两种果粉添加量的增加而逐渐降低,与果渣粉组相比,添加全果粉曲奇L、a*和b*下降幅度更快;添加两种桑葚果粉的曲奇硬度呈现先增加后降低再升高的趋势;曲奇抗氧化能力与两种果粉添加量成正比,且全果粉对曲奇总抗氧化能力、抑制产生超氧阴离子能力更强。综合感官评价结果得出添加3%的桑葚果渣粉或7%的全果粉制作的桑葚曲奇品质和口感效果最佳。

There are abundant resources of mulberry,but the development and utilization of mulberry by-products are limited.In this study,nutritional quality of whole mulberry and mulberry pomace powder was analyzed.The effects of addition of different amounts of mulberry powder and pomace powder(1%,3%,5%,7%and 9%)in cookies on quality and antioxidant capacity were determined.The results showed that the addition of different concentrations of mulberry pomace powder in cookies had significant effects on color,hardness,fracture deformation,antioxidant capacity,and sensory score(P<0.05).The addition of mulberry powder had also significantly affected the color,hardness,and antioxidant capacity of cookies(P<0.05),however,no significant effects were found for the fracture deformation and sensory score(P>0.05).L,a*,and b*values for the cookies were gradually decreased with the increasing concentrations of mulberry powder and pomace powder.The L,a*,and b*values of mulberry powder added cookies were far lower than the values for the cookies added with mulberry pomace powder.The hardness of the cookies adding mulberry powder and mulberry pomace powder was increased first,then decreased and increased last.The antioxidant capacities of the cookies added with mulberry powder and pomace powder were directly proportional to the powder concentrations,and the total antioxidant capacity and superoxide anion inhibition ability of mulberry powder added cookies were higher than the cookies added with pomace powder.The results of sensory evaluation showed that the addition of either 3%mulberry pomace powder or 7%mulberry powder had the best effect on improving the quality and taste of the cookies.