大豆拉丝蛋白不同加工方式对高脂血症小鼠降脂功效的影响

Effects of Different Processing Methods of Soybean Silk Protein on Lipid-lowering Efficacy of Hyperlipidemia Mice

目的:研究大豆拉丝蛋白丸子不同加工方式对高脂血症小鼠的降脂功效。方法:选取50只ICR(Institute of Cancer)小鼠初始分为正常对照组10只、40只高脂血症模型组。正常对照组和高脂血症模型组小鼠分别饲喂普通饲料和高脂饲料。6周后,将造模成功的ICR小鼠随机分为4组,分别为高脂模型组、大豆拉丝蛋白、大豆拉丝蛋白丸子(油炸)组、大豆拉丝蛋白丸子(水煮)组。喂养7周后,检测血清中总胆固醇(total cholesterol,TC)、甘油三酯(triglycerides,TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low density lipoprotein Cholesterol,LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high density lipoprotein cholesterol,HDL-C)、谷丙转氨酶(alanine aminotransferase,ALT)、谷草转氨酶(aspartate aminotransferase,AST)水平,肝脏HE染色观察组织病理学变化。结果:与对照组相比,高脂血症小鼠血清中血清总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)、血清谷草转氨酶(AST)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、肝脏及附睾脂肪质量及相应指数均升高(P<0.05或P<0.01);与高脂模型组相比,三组大豆蛋白组的血清总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、血清谷草转氨酶(AST)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、肝脏质量(仅大豆拉丝蛋白丸子油炸组)、附睾脂肪质量和附睾周脂指数均显著降低(P<0.05或P<0.01)。肝脏HE染色切片显示,高脂喂养下小鼠肝脏切片出现明显脂质空泡及脂肪滴,而大豆拉丝蛋白和大豆拉丝蛋白丸子(水煮)组干预后肝脏切片无明显的脂质空泡和脂肪滴形成。大豆拉丝蛋白丸子(油炸)组仍可见脂肪滴形成。结论:本课题组研究的大豆拉丝蛋白丸子可以减轻高脂血症对机体脂质代谢的影响,且油炸和水煮两种加工方式对降脂功效无明显影响。

Objective:To study the lipid-lowering effects of different processing methods of soybean silk protein on hyperlipidemia mice.Methods:Fifty ICR(Institute of Cancer)mice were initially divided into 10 normal control groups and 40 hyperlipidemia model groups.The mice in the normal control group and the hyperlipidemia model group were fed with ordinary diet and high-fat diet.After 6 weeks,the successfully modeled ICR mice were randomly divided into 4 groups,namely the high-fat model group,the soy silky protein,the soybean silky protein ball group(fried),and the soybean silky protein ball group(boiled).After 7 weeks of feeding,the total cholesterol(TC),triglycerides(TG),and low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST)levels,and liver HE staining were detected.Results:Compared with the control group,serum total cholesterol(TC),triglycerides(TG),low density lipoprotein(LDL-C)),serum aspartate aminotransferase(AST),and alanine aminotransferase(ALT)in serum of hyperlipidemia mice,liver and epididymal fat mass and corresponding indexes increased(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Compared with the high-fat model group,serum total cholesterol(TC),triglycerides(TG),low-density lipoprotein(LDL-C),serum aspartate aminotransferase(AST),alanine aminotransferase(ALT),liver mass(Only soy silk protein fried group),epididymal fat mass and epididymal fat index of three groups of soy protein were significantly reduced(P<0.05 or P<0.01).The HE stained sections of the liver showed that there were obvious lipid vacuoles and fat droplets in the liver slices of mice under high-fat feeding,while there were no obvious lipid vacuoles and lipid droplets in the liver slices after the intervention of soybean silk protein and soybean silk protein balls(boiled).Fat drop formation could still be seen in the soybean silk protein ball(fried)group.Conclusion:The soybean silk protein balls studied by this research group can reduce the effect of hyperlipidemia on lipid metabolism in the body,and the two processing methods of frying and boiling have no significant effect on the lipid-lowering effect.