三级中医医院护士留职意愿调查及影响因素分析

Investigation and influencing factors of nurses'willingness to stay at work in ClassⅢhospitals of Chinese medicine

目的调查三级中医医院护士留职意愿现状并分析其影响因素,为制订留职策略提供参考。方法采用整群抽样法,于2017年5—9月对我国西、中、东部的3所三级中医医院的1080名护士进行调查。选取人口学资料问卷、护士留职意愿问卷、工作满意度量表、工作控制量表和变革型领导问卷对其进行调查。采用多重分层回归分析进行护士留职意愿影响因素的分析。本研究共发放问卷1080份,回收有效问卷918份,有效回收率为85.00%。结果918名中医护士的护士留职意愿问卷均分为(3.45±0.63)分;不同职务、职称、聘用形式、每月夜班数、月收入护士的护士留职意愿问卷得分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多重分层回归分析结果显示,职务、每月夜班数、工作满意度、工作效率控制、愿景激励是影响护士留职意愿的主要因素(P<0.05),共解释总变异的28.0%。结论中医医院护士留职意愿处于中等水平,医院管理者应适当调整夜班班次,给予护士适当激励,加强护士工作自主性,以提升护士工作满意度,稳定其留职意愿。

Objective To explore the nurses'willingness to stay at work in ClassⅢhospitals of Chinese medicine,and provide a reference for developing retention strategies.Methods From May to September 2017,a total of 1080 nurses from 3 ClassⅢhospitals of Chinese medicine in Western,Central and Eastern China were selected by cluster sampling and investigated with the demographic data questionnaire,Nurses'Willingness to Stay at Work Questionnaire,Job Satisfaction Scale,Job Control Scale and Transformational Leadership Questionnaire.Multiple hierarchical regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of nurses'willingness to stay at work.A total of 1080 questionnaires were distributed,and 918 valid questionnaires were collected,accounting for an effective recovery rate of 85.00%.Results The average score of the Nurses'Willingness to Stay at Work Questionnaire in the 918 Chinese medicine nurses was(3.45±0.63).There were statistically significant differences in the scores of the Nurses'Willingness to Stay at Work Questionnaire between nurses with different positions,job titles,forms of employment,number of night shifts per month,and monthly income(P<0.05).The results of multiple hierarchical regression analysis revealed that job titles,number of night shifts per month,job satisfaction,work efficiency control,and vision incentives were the main factors affecting nurses'willingness to stay at work(P<0.05),accounting for 28.0%of the total variation.Conclusions The nurses'willingness to stay at work in hospitals of Chinese medicine is at a medium level,and hospital managers should appropriately adjust night shifts,give nurses appropriate incentives,and strengthen their job autonomy,so as to improve their job satisfaction and stabilize their willingness to stay at work.