快递包装回收法律责任主体研究

Research on the Legal Liability Subject of Express Package Recycling

随着电子商务的迅猛发展,越来越多的快递包装给环境带来了日益严峻的挑战。为适应时代的发展,2020年4月修订的《固体废物污染环境防治法》增加了对快递包装废物的规制,明确要求快递行业、电商平台要对快递包装进行回收。然而遗憾的是该法对于其他的快递包装活动参与者是否也应承担快递包装回收的主体责任并没有做出明确规定。本文分析了现行法律法规在界定快递包装回收责任主体方面存在的主要法律问题,并依据污染者责任承担理论、生产者责任延伸理论及公共信托理论,对消费者、快递包装生产企业以及政府职能部门在快递包装回收中承担主体责任进行了论证,提出了共同但有区别的快递包装回收责任承担模式。

With the rapid development of e-commerce,the increasingly express packages have brought severe challenges to the environment.In order to adapt to the development of the times,the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Solid Waste Pollution revised in April 2020 increases the regulation of wastes of express packages,and clearly requires the express industries and e-commerce platforms to recycle the express packages.However,it is a pity that the law does not stipulate whether other participants of express package activities should also take the subject responsibility of recycling the express packages or not.The thesis analyzes the main legal problems exist in the current laws in identifying the subject of responsibility for recycling the express packages.In accordance with the theory of polluter with responsibility for the pollution,extended producer responsibility and the public trust doctrine,the thesis also demonstrates that consumers,express packaging manufacturers and government departments should take the main responsibility in express packaging recycling,and puts forward a common but different liability bearing model for express package recycling.