M血型检测的影响因素及M抗原与Mur血型的关联性

Influencing factors of M blood type testing and relation between M antigen and Mur blood type

目的探讨M抗原和抗-M检测的影响因素,了解M抗原与Mur抗原的关联性,调查广东省中山地区人群M血型的发生频率。方法采用微孔板(或试管)盐水法,对该地区581例无偿献血者进行M和Mur血型抗原筛查,观察不同条件下人源性抗-M和单克隆抗-M检测的敏感性。结果该地献血者中M抗原与Mur抗原的发生频率分别为78.0%(453/581)、7.9%(46/581),其中Mur抗原者中M抗原阳性发生频率为100.0%(46/46)。孵育温度越低,抗-M活性越高,孵育时间过短易导致敏感性降低;试剂红细胞越新鲜,敏感性更高。结论M抗原与Mur抗原两者存在密切相关性。M抗原抗体检测最佳孵育温度和时间分别为4℃、15 min,单克隆抗-M试剂应选择效价高的试剂(如1∶16以上),抗体筛选红细胞试剂尽可能选择新鲜的,以纯合子最佳。

Objective To investigate the influencing factors of M antigen and anti-M testing,to understand the relation between M antigen and Mur antigen,and to investigate the frequency of M blood type occurrence in Zhongshan area of Guangdong Province.Methods A total of 581 blood donors in this area were screened for M and Mur blood group antigens by microplate(or test tube)saline method,and the sensitivity of human and monoclonal anti-M detection under different conditions was observed.Results The frequency of M antigen and Mur antigen among blood donors was 78.0%(453/581)and 7.9%(46/581)respectively.Among them,the frequency of M antigen positive among Mur antigen donors was 100.0%(46/46).The lower the incubation temperature,the higher the anti-M activity,and too short incubation time easily lead to the sensitivity decrease;the fresher the reagent red blood cells,the higher the sensitivity.Conclusion There is a close correlation between M antigen and Mur antigen.The optimal incubation temperature and time for the detection of M antigen and antibody were 4℃and 15 min.The monoclonal anti-M reagent should select the reagent with high titer(such as 1∶16 or above),and the antibody screening red blood cell reagent should choose as fresh as possible,the homozygous is the best.