肝硬化失代偿期居家患者自我管理能力的影响因素分析

Influencing factors of the decompensated liver cirrhosis home based patients'self-management ability

目的探讨肝硬化失代偿期居家患者自我管理能力的影响因素,并讨论相应护理策略。方法选取医院2014年1月—2020年3月出院的肝硬化失代偿期居家患者354例作为研究对象,收集患者一般资料,分析其自我管理能力的影响因素。结果单因素分析显示,年龄、经济能力、文化程度、肝硬化知识、病程、自我效能感、肝硬化分级是影响肝硬化失代偿期居家患者自我管理能力的相关因素(P<0.05)。多元线性回归分析显示,经济能力、文化程度、自我效能感、肝硬化分级是肝硬化失代偿期居家患者自我管理能力的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论肝硬化失代偿期居家患者自我管理能力评估普遍偏低,经济压力大、文化程度低、自我效能感低下、患者肝硬化分级为B/C级的家属自我管理能力较低,需加强患者居家管理宣教,提高患者自我效能及管理能力。

Objective To explore the influencing factors of the decompensated liver cirrhosis home based patients'self-management ability and propose the reasonable nursing strategies.Methods To select 354 decompensated liver cirrhosis home based patients admitted in the hospital from January 2014 to March 2020 as the study objects,the patients'basic data were collected to analysis the influencing factors of their selfmanagement ability.Results Univariate analysis showed that,age,financial ability,education level,cirrhosis knowledge,course of the disease,self-efficacy,level of cirrhosis were the related factors of the decompensated liver cirrhosis home based patients'self-management ability(P<0.05).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that,financial ability,education level,self-efficacy,level of cirrhosis were the influencing factors of the decompensated liver cirrhosis home based patients'self-management ability(P<0.05).Conclusion Decompensated liver cirrhosis home based patients'self-management ability was generally low,high financial pressure,low education level,low self-efficacy,stage of cirrhosis in the B/C level were the reasons for the family members low self-management ability.It is necessary to strengthen the patients'home management education to improve the patients'self-efficacy and management ability.