《民法典》对产权保护的完善与发展

Improvement and Development of the Protection Of Property Rights in The Civil Code

《民法典》的颁行是落实“健全以公平为原则的产权保护制度”的重大举措。保护产权是全面推进依法治国、实现治理能力与治理体系现代化的必由之路。产权保护的范围不仅包括保护物权、债权、股权,也包括知识产权及其他各种无形财产权。《民法典》为产权保护制度的完善作出了贡献:一方面,改进了产权保护制度的规则,对产权确权、产权流转、产权分配、产权利用、产权救济等方面进行了明确的制度安排;另一方面,深化了产权保护制度的原则,同时丰富了这些原则的涵义。作为产权保护核心原则的公平原则应当包含主体之间、代与代之间、历史维度和空间维度的公平价值。产权保护制度的发展需要以《民法典》为中心。从实践逻辑出发,健全新时代科学的产权保护制度,应当重点关注完善经营性资产产权保护、民生性资产产权保护、资源性资产产权保护、知识产权保护以及数字财产权保护。

The promulgation of The Civil Code is an important measure to implement the"improvement of the protection of property rights based on the principle of fairness".Protecting property rights is an indispensible way to realize the modernization of governance ability and governance system,which includes not only the protection of real rights,obligatory rights,equities,but also the protection of intellectual property rights and other virtual property rights.The Civil Code has contributed to the improvement of the property rights protection system.On the one hand,the rules of the property rights protection system have been improved,making clear institutional arrangements for property rights conformation,circulation,distribution,utilization,and relief.On the other hand,the principles of property rights protection systemenriches has been deepened and so as to the meaning of these principles.As the core principle of property rights protection,the principle of fairness should include the fairness of subjects,intergenerational equity,and the fair value of historical dimension and spatial dimension.The development of property rights protection system needs to be centered on The Civil Code.Starting from the practical logic,we should focus on perfecting the productive assets rights protection,protection of property rights of people's livelihood,protection of property rights of resource assets,intellectual property protection and digital property rights protection so as to improve the scientific property rights protection system in the new era.