并联型非均匀间距微带阵列天线设计

Design of parallel non⁃uniform spacing microstrip array antenna

为降低天线副瓣,设计了一款谐振频率为12.5 GHz的16阵元非均匀间距微带阵列天线。利用差分进化算法对阵元间距进行稀疏化处理,得到有利于副瓣降低的阵元位置。由于阵元间距不相等,需要对馈电网络进行设计,保证从馈电端到任意天线单元的馈线长度一致,使所有天线单元同相位激励。在HFSS中构建均匀间距阵列天线和非均匀间距阵列天线,进行对比分析。仿真实验结果显示,设计的天线在谐振频率为12.5 GHz时回波损耗低于-30 dB,副瓣电平低于-18.4 dB,优于均匀间距阵列的-13.2 dB,达到了抑制副瓣电平的效果。

A non⁃uniformly spacing microstrip array antenna with 16 array elements and resonance frequency of 12.5 GHz is designed to reduce the antenna sidelobe.In the design,the differential evolution(DE)algorithm is used to thin the array element spacing to obtain the array element position that is favorable for the reduction of sidelobe.Since the array element spacing is unequal,it is necessary to design a feed network,so as to ensure that the lengths of the feeder lines from the feeding end to any antenna units are uniform,and all of the antenna units are excited at the same phase.Array antennas with both uniform spacing and non⁃uniform spacing were constructed in HFSS(high frequency structure simulator)for comparative analysis.Results of simulation experiments show that the return loss of the antenna is lower than-30 dB at 12.5 GHz resonance frequency,and the sidelobe level is lower than-18.4 dB,which is better than that(-13.2 dB)of the array with uniform spacing.Therefore,the designed antenna achieves the effect of suppressing the sidelobe level.