磁钢用量对车用多层钕铁硼同步磁阻电机电磁性能影响

Influence of Magnet Consumption on Electromagnetic Performance of Automobile Multi-layer NdFeB Permanent Magnet Synchronous Reluctance Motor

针对一种车用多层U形钕铁硼同步磁阻电机,基于有限元,研究了磁钢用量对其电磁性能的影响。结合遗传算法,确定了使各层磁钢分布相对较优的目标函数,以此目标函数,得到了不同磁钢总用量下的各磁钢布置结构。分析了磁钢用量对电机空载气隙磁密,短时运行工况下的峰值转矩、最大功率输出能力,长时运行工况下的功率因数、效率、磁阻转矩占比的影响。结果表明,车用多层U形钕铁硼同步磁阻电机在短时工况和长时工况的最佳电磁性能对磁钢用量的需求存在一定的矛盾,同时磁钢用量过多会加剧电机饱和,恶化空载气隙磁密波形,降低高速区的功率因数、效率和最大功率输出能力,为同类型电机快速设计时磁钢用量的选择提供了一定的参考依据。

For a kind of automobile multi-layer U NdFeB permanent magnet synchronous reluctance motor,the influence of magnet consumption on electromagnetic properties was studied by using finite element simulation analysis.Combined with genetic algorithm,the objective function was determined to make the distribution of each layer of magnetic steel relatively better.With this objective function,the layout structure of each magnetic steel under different total amount of magnetic steel was obtained.The influence of arrangement of magnetic steel on the no-load air gap magnetic density,the peak torque and maximum power output capacity under the short-term operation condition,the power factor,efficiency and the ratio of the reluctance torque under the long-term operation condition were analyzed.The results show that the optimal performance of the motor under short-time and long-time operating conditions has a certain contradiction with the requirement of the magnetic steel consumption,and the excessive amount of magnetic steel will increase motor saturation,worsen the magnetic density waveform of no-load air gap,reduce the power factor,efficiency,magnetoresistive torque ratio and maximum power output ability in high speed zone,which provides a certain reference for the selection of magnetic steel dosage in the rapid design of the same type of motor.