对于军团菌的免疫遏制:宿主能否另辟蹊径?

Immune Suppression of Legionella pneumophila:Can the Host Find a New Way?

嗜肺军团菌可引起严重的非典型肺炎,其特殊的Dot/Icm IVB型分泌系统转运近330种效应蛋白(大多数作为蛋白酶发挥功能)至宿主细胞,通过修饰细胞调节因子、抑制细胞凋亡等一系列措施调控宿主免疫应答以逃逸宿主免疫系统的监测,完成自身的增殖与侵染。嗜肺军团菌诱发的病原相关分子模式(pathogen-associated molecular patterns,PAMPs)和效应器触发反应(effector-triggered response,ETR)为探究军团菌与宿主互作提供新思路。该文就军团菌的致病机制、对宿主免疫的应对策略以及宿主的免疫应答等方面进行讨论,旨在探索由军团菌引起的肺部感染的相关免疫机制,利于开发出最优的细菌性肺炎治疗方案。

L.pneumophila(Legionella pneumophila),a causative agent of a non-canonical pneumonia,injects nearly 330 virulence factors(most known of proteinases)into host cell through its unique type IVB(Dot/Icm)secretion system,modifying cell regulatory factors and inhibiting cell apoptosis to escape the host immune surveillance and promote its proliferation.PAMPs(pathogen-associated molecular patterns)and ETR(effector-triggered response)by L.pneumophila offers us a new insight into the interplay between host and Legionella.This review discussed pathogenesis,anti-host immune strategies of Legionella,and host immune response,to reveal the immune pathogenesis caused by L.pneumophila,and develop the best therapy solution for bacterial pneumonia.