鲁西北棉改粮农田小麦不同耕种模式的产量和效益比较研究

Comparation on Yield and Benefit of Different Cultivation Modes of Wheat in Cotton to Grain Farmland in Northwest Shandong Province

为探索小麦全程机械化生产条件下鲁西北棉改粮农田小麦最佳的耕种模式,本试验设置传统旋耕条播(T-A,对照)、旋耕+双镇压播种(T-B)、免耕播种(T-C)、深松+双镇压播种(T-D)、深耕+双镇压播种(T-E)5种耕种模式,研究不同耕种模式对小麦群体发育、干物质积累、小麦产量及其构成因素的影响,并比较其生产成本和种植效益。结果表明,深耕+双镇压播种(T-E)模式可促进小麦群体发育、减少茎基腐病发病率、降低管理成本、获得最高籽粒产量和种植效益,是本试验条件下鲁西北棉改粮农田小麦适宜的耕种模式。该技术可作为小麦全程机械化高产高效栽培技术在鲁西北棉改粮农田推广应用。

The purpose of this study was to explore the best cultivation mode for wheat in cotton to grain farmland in the Northwest Shandong Province under the condition of whole mechanization production.Traditional rotary tillage and drilling(T-A,control),rotary tillage+double suppression(T-B),no tillage(T-C),subsoiling+double suppression(T-D)and deep tillage+double suppression(T-E)were used to study the effects of different cultivation modes on wheat population development,dry matter accumulation,wheat yield and its components,production costs and planting benefits.The results showed that the T-E mode could promote the population development,reduce the incidence rate of stem base rot and management cost,and obtain the highest grain yield and planting benefit,so it was the suitable cultivation mode for wheat in cotton to grain farmland in the Northwest Shandong Province.This technology could be popularized as a high-yielding and high-efficiency cultivation technology for wheat production under the condition of whole mechanization in this area.