几种生物药剂对花生田蓟马的田间防控效果研究

Control Efficacy of Several Biological Pesticides on Thrips in Peanut Fields

为筛选有效防控花生田蓟马的生物药剂,本试验以化学药剂乙基多杀菌素为阳性对照,研究了金龟子绿僵菌、苦参碱、藜芦碱、阿维菌素4种生物药剂对花生田蓟马的防控效果。结果表明,4种生物药剂处理在药后1、3d时的花生田蓟马的虫口减退率、校正防效之间无显著差异,药后7、14d时金龟子绿僵菌处理的虫口减退率、校正防效均显著高于苦参碱、藜芦碱、阿维菌素处理;药后14d金龟子绿僵菌处理的叶片受害率及叶片为害指数均显著低于其他3种生物药剂处理。与化学药剂乙基多杀菌素相比,金龟子绿僵菌对蓟马的速效性差,药后1、3d时其虫口减退率显著低于乙基多杀菌素,随着时间推移,其虫口减退率呈上升趋势,7d时达70.34%,与乙基多杀菌素处理(68.44%)之间无显著差异,药后14d时达71.48%,显著高于乙基多杀菌素(58.94%);金龟子绿僵菌和乙基多杀菌素的校正防效趋势与虫口减退率趋势相一致,且在药后14d时的叶片受害率(22.90%与23.22%)及叶片为害指数(6.28%与5.22%)之间无显著差异。

To screen effective biological agents against thrips in peanut fields,the control efficacy of Metarhizium anisopliae,matrine,veratrine and abamectin were studied with ethyl spinetoram as positive control.The results indicated that after treated for 1 d and 3 d,there was no significant difference in reduction of pest population and corrected control efficacy among the four biological pesticides.However,after treated for 7 d and 14 d,the reduction of pest population and corrected control efficacy of M.anisopliae treatment were significantly higher than those of the other three pesticide treatments.After treated for 14 d,the rate of damaged leaves and index of damaged leaves caused by M.anisopliae were significantly lower than those caused by the other pesticides.Compared to ethyl spinetoram,significantly lower pest population reduction was observed under M.anisopliae treatment after treated for 1 d and 3 d,which indicated that the control speed of M.anisopliae was relatively slow.However,as the time extension,the reduction of pest population under M.anisopliae treatment got higher and higher(70.34%at 7 d,71.48%at 14 d),which had no significant difference with that of ethyl spinetoram(68.44%)after treated for 7 d,but significantly higher than that of ethyl spinetoram(58.94%).Both of M.anisopliae and ethyl spinetoram showed similar trend in the corrected control efficacy and reduction of pest population.No significant differences were found in the rate of damaged leaves(22.90%and 23.22%)or index of damaged leaves(6.28%and 5.22%)between M.anisopliae and ethyl spinetoram treatments after treated for 14 d.