“时间的秘密”:《卡拉马佐夫兄弟》中的“时间分身”

The Secrets of Time: The Split of Time in The Brothers Karamazov

《卡拉马佐夫兄弟》的时间艺术之于陀思妥耶夫斯基创作的独特风格具有重要意义。小说中存有的"时间分身"即尘世时间与彼岸时间的并置共存,是作家时间艺术最重要的特征之一。两种时间共存互补的辩证关系与陀思妥耶夫斯基独特的启示录思维密切相关,显示出作家在并置现象真实与想象真实的同时,更偏重揭示蕴涵理想可能的彼岸时间。这既延续了俄罗斯文化追求终极价值的传统记忆,更令其小说叙事获得了独特性——展现精神的可能性与未完成性。

The temporal art in The Brothers Karamazov of great significance to Dostoevsky’s unique writing style. The "split of time" in the novel refers to the juxtaposition and coexistence of the earthly time and the time of the other world, forming the most distinctive feature of the author’s temporal art. The dialectical relationship of the coexistence and complementarity of the two types of time is closely associated with Dostoevsky’s revelation-styled mode of thinking, indicating that while he juxtaposes real reality and imagined reality, he underscores the importance of the time of the other world. In doing so, the novel inherits the traditional memory of the Russian culture in the pursuit of ultimate value, and more importantly, gains a unique trait in narration—presenting the potential and unfinished spiritual space.