聊城市淡水鱼中铅、铬、砷、镉的检测结果分析与评价

Analysis and evaluation of the detection results of lead,chromium,arsenic and cadmium in freshwater fishes in Liaocheng

目的了解聊城市淡水鱼中铅(Pb)、铬(Cr)、砷(As)、镉(Cd)有害元素的污染情况。方法样品采用微波消解法处理后,通过电感耦合等离子体质谱仪(ICP-MS)检测。结果 155份淡水鱼中,铅平均含量为0.017 8 mg/kg、最高值为0.236 8 mg/kg,中位数为0.010 2 mg/kg;铬平均含量为0.091 7 mg/kg、最高值为0.816 3 mg/kg,中位数为0.022 3 mg/kg;总砷的平均含量为0.076 8 mg/kg、最高值为0.566 8 mg/kg,中位数为0.043 3 mg/kg;镉平均含量为0.000 8 mg/kg、最高值为0.016 7 mg/kg,中位数为0.000 3 mg/kg。结论淡水鱼中铅、铬、镉含量均没有出现超标情况;3种淡水鱼中总砷含量平均值由高到低依次为鲫鱼>鲤鱼>草鱼。检测结果间接表明了聊城市水体环境受铅、铬、砷、镉的污染比较轻微,水体环境总体较好,不影响淡水鱼的食用安全。

Objective To understand the contamination status of lead( Pb),chromium( Cr),arsenic( As) and cadmium( Cd) in freshwater fishes in Liaocheng. Methods The samples were pretreated by microwave digestion and the four elements were detected by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry( ICP-MS). Results Among the 155 freshwater fishes,the average content of Pb was 0. 017 8 mg/kg,with the highest value of 0. 236 8 mg/kg,and median of 0. 010 2 mg/kg. The average content of Cr was 0. 091 7 mg/kg,with the highest value of 0. 816 3 mg/kg,and the median of 0. 022 3 mg/kg. The average content of total arsenic content was 0. 076 8 mg/kg,with the highest value of 0. 566 8 mg/kg,and the median of0. 043 3 mg/kg. The average content of Cd was 0. 000 8 mg/kg,with the highest value of 0. 016 7 mg/kg,and the median of0. 000 3 mg/kg. Conclusion The contents of Pb,Cr and Cd in freshwater fishes have not exceeded the national standard limits. The order of average content of total arsenic in three freshwater fishes from high to low was Carassius auratus > Cyprinus carpio > Grass carp. The test results indirectly indicate that the water environment in Liaocheng is slightly polluted by Pb,Cr,As and Cd,and the water environment is generally good,which does not affect the food safety of freshwater fish.