丽水地区2017年-2019年诺如病毒感染性腹泻监测分析

Detection and analysis of norovirus infected diarrhea in Lishui area from 2017 to 2019

目的了解2017年-2019年丽水地区腹泻患者诺如病毒感染的流行病学特征,为丽水地区的诺如病毒的预防控制提供科学依据。方法采用实时荧光定量RT-PCR检测2017年-2019年丽水市人民医院1 358例腹泻患者粪便标本中诺如病毒GⅠ和GⅡ基因型。结果 1 352份标本中,诺如病毒的阳性率为21.50%(292/1 358),其主要的基因型GⅡ占92.12%(269/292)。第一、二、三、四季度诺如病毒检出率分别为22.75%(71/312)、8.95%(24/268)、4.96%(16/322)和39.69%(181/456)。其中第四季度检出率最高,最低的是第三季度。不同性别腹泻诺如病毒阳性率差异有统计学意义(P <0.05);不同年龄阶段腹泻诺如病毒阳性率差异有统计学意义(P <0.05),其中10岁以下儿童的感染率最高,其阳性率为29.56%。结论丽水地区腹泻病例诺如病毒检测主要以GⅡ为主,第一、四季度是发病高峰,10岁以下儿童是诺如病毒易感人群。

Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of norovirus infection in Lishui area from 2017 to 2019 and provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of norovirus infection. Methods A total of 1 358 patients from the People’s Hospital of Lishui were selected from 2017 to 2019. The norovirus GⅠ and norovirus GⅡ genomes were detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR. Results Among the 1 358 samples,the positive rate of norovirus was 21. 50%( 292/1 358),and its main genotype GⅡ occupied 92. 12%( 269/292). The positive rate of norovirus in the first,the second,the third and the fourth seasons were 22. 75%( 71/312),8. 95%( 24/268),4. 96%( 16/322) and 39. 69%( 181/456) respectively. The first season was the peak of norovirus infection and the third season was the lowest. The differences in the positive rate of norovirus infection in genders had statistical significance( P < 0. 05). The positive rate of norovirus infection was statistically significant in different age groups( P < 0. 05),and the positive rate of norovirus infection was the highest in children under the 10 years old,with the positive rate of 29. 56%( 144/487). Conclusion The main infection of norovirus was GⅡ genotype in Lishui area,and the infection peak occurred in the first and fourth seasons. The children under10 years were susceptible population.