绍兴地区主要食品中硼含量调查及居民膳食暴露初评估

Investigation of boron content in principal food and preliminary assessment of dietary exposure in Shaoxing area

目的掌握绍兴地区主要食品中硼的本底含量,初步评估不同人群膳食中硼的摄入量。方法采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)检测绍兴地区食品中硼含量,结合绍兴市居民膳食消费量调查结果,初步评估绍兴地区不同人群膳食中硼的暴露水平。结果2017年-2018共采集16类1007份样品,硼的检出率为83.3%(839/1007),平均值为5.63 mg/kg,中位值为2.03 mg/kg。不同类食品硼含量差异较大,干制藻类、坚果类、茶叶以及豆类及其制品含量较高,平均值均高于10.0 mg/kg,蛋类、禽肉、猪肉和乳类及其制品中硼含量较低,平均值均低于1.0 mg/kg。干制海带硼的平均含量为131.8 mg/kg,远高于其他类食品。不同性别和年龄段居民硼的日均摄入量在1.27 mg~1.43 mg,膳食中硼的主要来源为水果、蔬菜和米及其制品。结论绍兴地区居民膳食中硼暴露水平是安全的,但干制海带中硼含量较高,需扩大监测范围,加强监管。

Objective To master the background content of boron in the main food in Shaoxing area and preliminarily evaluate the intake of boron in the diet of different people.Methods The contents of boron in foods were detected by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS),and the exposure levels of boron from foods in Shaoxing were assessed in combination with the survey results on the dietary consumption of residents in Shaoxing area.Results A total of 1007 samples of 16 categories were collected since 2017 to 2018.The total boron detection rate was 83.3%(839/1007).The average value was 5.63 mg/kg and the median value was 2.03 mg/kg.The content of boron in different kinds of food varied greatly.The contents of boron in dried algae,nuts,tea,beans and their products were higher than 10.0 mg/kg,and the contents of boron in eggs,poultry,pork and dairy products and their products were lower than 1.0 mg/kg.The average content of boron in dried kelp was 131.8 mg/kg,which was much higher than that in other kinds of food.The average daily intake of boron in residents of different genders and ages ranged from 1.27 mg to 1.43 mg.The main sources of boron in diet were fruits,vegetables,rice and its products.Conclusion Although the dietary exposure level of boron was safe,the boron content in dried kelp was high,which should be necessary to expand the monitoring scope and strengthen supervision.