特殊煤层盾构式“三位一体”开采方式的研究

Research on Shield"Trinity"Mining Method in Special Coal Seam

针对松软/薄等特殊煤层在钻孔、采掘及支护过程中出现施工难度大等问题,提出盾构式开采方式的理念,形成智能化(无人化)、精准化、流态化“三位一体”的综合开发方式。通过理论辩证和分析,建立了在保压条件下进行智能化监控检测、无人化盾构掘进以及流态化管道输运的开采系统,分析了盾构开采全过程中煤与瓦斯的变化情况,以及对施工过程中产生的影响。研究结果表明:当采用盾构式开采方式时,减少了对煤层的钻孔施工量,解决了采掘、支护困难等问题,减小因本煤层瓦斯进入巷道引起的通风压力,避免了开采过程中的人员伤亡。研究结论对今后特殊煤层的智能化、无人化、流态化开采具有重要的指导意义。

In view of the construction difficulties in drilling,mining and supporting of soft/thin and other special coal seams,the concept of shield mining method is proposed to form a"Trinity"comprehensive development mode of intelligence(unmanned),precision and fluidization.Through theoretical dialectics and analysis,he mining system of intelligent monitoring and detection,unmanned shield tunneling and fluidization pipeline transportation under the condition of pressure maintaining is established.The changes of coal and gas in the whole process of shield mining and the impact on the construction process are analyzed.The research results show that:when the shield mining method is adopted,the amount of drilling in the coal seam is reduced,the problems of mining and support are solved,the ventilation pressure caused by the gas entering into the roadway is reduced,and the casualties in the mining process are avoided.The research conclusion has important guiding significance for intelligent,unmanned and fluidization mining of special coal seam in the future.