陶瓷基复合材料表面环境障涂层材料研究进展

Research Progress on Environmental Barrier Coatings Materials for Ceramic Matrix Composites

随着新一代航空发动机推重比的不断提升,其内部燃气温度已经远远超过传统高温合金的承温极限,因此亟待研发新材料来满足先进航空发动机的发展需求。SiC_(f)/SiC陶瓷基复合材料具有优异的高温力学性能和高温抗氧化性能,且其密度较低,是下一代高性能航空发动机热端部件的理想结构材料。但是,SiC_(f)/SiC材料在实际服役环境中同样面临着严重的氧化腐蚀问题,因此需要使用能够阻隔水氧介质的环境障涂层(EBCs)来提高SiC_(f)/SiC材料的耐腐蚀性能,进而延长航空发动机热端部件的服役寿命。在阐明SiC_(f)/SiC材料水氧腐蚀机制的基础上,进一步总结了EBCs的设计原则和发展历程,并重点比较了各种涂层材料体系的优缺点及性能差异,为未来先进航空发动机陶瓷基复合材料热端部件用EBCs材料的研制提供借鉴。

With the development of advanced aero-engine,the continuous increasement of thrust-weight ratio results in much higher working temperatures,which is more than the temperature limitation of traditional superalloys.Therefore,it is urgent to develop new materials to replace superalloys.Owing to the excellent high-temperature mechanical performance,high-temperature oxidation resistance and low density,SiC_(f)/SiC ceramic matrix composite is regarded as an ideal candidate for structural materials applied in next-generation aero-engine.However,SiC_(f)/SiC materials also faces serious problems of oxidation corrosion in actual service environment.In order to improve the corrosion resistance of SiC_(f)/SiC materials,it is necessary to prepare environmental barrier coatings(EBCs)on its surface to prevent water and oxygen medium,so as to prolong the service lifetime of hot-sections in aero-engine.The water vapor corrosion mechanism of SiC_(f)/SiC materials was summarized in this paper.Subsequently,the design principles and development progress of EBCs were reviewed.Moreover,advantages and disadvantages of different EBCs materials were compared.All these would provide a fundamental reference for the development of EBCs materials in future application of aero-engine.