饮食护理对糖尿病肾病维持性血液透析患者营养状况和并发症的影响评价

Evaluation of the Effect of Diet Nursing on the Nutritional Status and Complications of Patients with Diabetic Nephropathy and Maintenance Hemodialysis

目的评价饮食护理对糖尿病肾病维持性血液透析患者营养状况和并发症的影响。方法在2019年6月—2020年6月期间选取92例糖尿病肾病维持性血液透析患者作为研究对象,电脑随机分为两组,对照组给予常规护理,观察组加强饮食护理,分析对患者营养状况及并发症的影响。结果护理后,观察组ALB、PA、TR、DPI、nPCR水平高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组并发症发生率为8.70%较低,低于对照组28.26%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组透析结束时低血糖发生率为0.00%,低于对照组13.04%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);护理后,观察组患者生活质量评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);护理后,观察组IL-6、TNF-α水平低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论饮食护理对糖尿病肾病维持性血液透析患者营养状况具有改善作用,可减少并发症发生,提高患者生活质量。

Objective To evaluate the effect of dietary care on the nutritional status and complications of maintenance hemodialysis patients with diabetic nephropathy.Methods From June 2019 to June 2020,92 patients with diabetic nephropathy and maintenance hemodialysis were selected as the research objects.They were randomLy divided into two groups by computer.The control group was given routine care,and the observation group was given more diet care-Analyzed the impact on patients'nutritional status and complications.Results After nursing,the levels of ALB,PA,TR,DPI,and nPCR in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);the complication rate in the observation group was 8.70%lower than that in the control group 28.26%.The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);the incidence of hypoglycemia at the end of dialysis in the observation group was 0.00%,which was lower than 13.04%in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).After nursing,the quality of life scores of the two groups of patients were significantly higher than those of the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);after nursing,the levels of IL-6 and TNF-αin the observation group were lower than those of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Diet nursing can improve the nutritional status of patients with diabetic nephropathy on maintenance hemodialysis,reduce complications,and improve the quality of life of patients.