基于微卫星标记和线粒体DNA监测浙江浆蜂(平湖)的遗传多样性变化

Monitoring on genetic diversity of Zhejiang Royal Jelly bee(Pinghu)using microsatellite loci and mitochondrial DNA

利用5个微卫星位点和2段线粒体DNA序列,对2012、2015、2019年浙江省嘉兴市平湖地区的浙江浆蜂群体进行遗传多样性分析,从而为浙江浆蜂的资源保护提供科学依据。微卫星分析结果表明:浙江浆蜂(平湖)全群的平均观察等位基因数(Na)和平均有效等位基因数(Ne)分别为10.6个和3.8591个,平均观察杂合度(Ho)和平均期望杂合度(He)分别为0.5674和0.6858,平均多态信息含量(PIC)为0.6531,说明浙江浆蜂(平湖)的遗传多样性较丰富;不同年份浙江浆蜂(平湖)群体间的遗传多样性指标差异均不显著,说明浙江浆蜂(平湖)的遗传多样性较稳定。线粒体DNA分析结果显示,浙江浆蜂(平湖)群体的线粒体单倍型单一化更加明显。结合未来浙江浆蜂(平湖)群体数量可能大量减少的情况,建议加大对浙江浆蜂(平湖)的保护力度,加强对浙江浆蜂(平湖)资源变化的监测,以便及时采取必要的保护措施。

The trend of genetic diversity of Zhejiang Royal Jelly bee(Pinghu)among 2012,2015 and 2019 years was analyzed using five microsatellite loci and two mitochondrial DNA sequences,which could provide scientific basis for the resource conservation of Zhejiang Royal Jelly bee.The results based on microsatellite loci showed that the mean observed allele number(Na)and mean effective allele number(Ne)were 10.6 and 3.8591,respectively;and the mean observed heterozygosity(Ho)and mean effective heterozygosity(He)were 0.5674 and 0.6858,respectively;the mean polymorphism information content(PIC)was 0.6531 in the overall Zhejiang Royal Jelly bee(Pinghu)population.The results indicated high genetic diversity in Zhejiang Royal Jelly bee(Pinghu).There were no significant differences in all genetic diversity indicators among 2012,2015 and 2019 years,indicating that the genetic diversity of Zhejiang Royal Jelly bee(Pinghu)was stable.The results based on mitochondrial DNA showed that the main haplotype was more and more prevalent in Zhejiang Royal Jelly bee(Pinghu).In view of the fact that the population number of Zhejiang Royal Jelly bee(Pinghu)may decrease substantially in the future,it is suggested to strengthen the protection of Zhejiang Royal Jelly bee(Pinghu)and the monitoring of the resources in order to take necessary protective measures.