高校学生丧失学籍后恢复学籍的司法途径探析——基于我国司法实践的经验研究

Recovering College Students'Enrolment Status by Litigation:An Empirical Research Based on the Judicial Practice in China

学籍对学生的权益具有重大影响,学籍管理是高校重要的职责。我国高校学生因高校作出开除学籍、退学或取消学籍的决定而丧失学籍的,可以向法院提起行政诉讼寻求救济,请求法院撤销相关决定。根据我国的司法实践,地方法院在撤销高校的决定后,对于是否恢复学籍、如何恢复学籍有着不同的立场和应对方式,包括法院直接恢复、学籍自行恢复、法院另行处理和不予审查等。法院撤销高校决定的理由对学生学籍是否能够恢复具有关键影响,也体现了法院对高校自我管理权的多层次监督。高校应当严格遵守法定程序,完善恢复学籍的具体工作程序,探索设立学校内部的学籍恢复与救济制度,防控由学籍纠纷引发的诉讼风险。

Enrolment status has a great influence on students'rights,and the management of enrolment status is an important power of colleges and universities.If a college student loses his or her enrolment status due to the decision to expel,withdraw,or cancel the enrolment status,he or she may request the court to revoke the decision.Based on the judicial practice in China,after revoking the university's decision,local courts hold different attitudes on the recovery of enrolment status,including direct recovery,automatic recovery,separate processing,and the denial of review.The reason why a court revokes the decision has an essential impact on the result of recovering the enrolment status,and also reflects the court's multi-level supervision of the university's self-management rights.Colleges and universities should strictly abide by the legal procedures and improve the specific work procedures for recovering the enrolment status,as well as establish a system to recover and maintain the enrolment status independently,so as to prevent and control litigation risks caused by disputes on enrolment status.