新高考科目选考制的实施成效分析

The Effectiveness of Subject Selection System in the College Entrance Examination(CEE)Reform

为突破传统高考模式下文理区隔造成的负面影响,促进学生完善知识结构,为学生的个性化学习和多元化发展提供可能,新高考改革尝试引入灵活的科目选考制。研究使用改革试点地区的调查数据,系统分析学生的考试科目选择现状,探寻科目选择行为背后的动机,探究科目选择与高考成绩间的关联性。研究发现,科目选考制一方面有效促进了学生开展文理交融的跨学科学习,但另一方面也导致物理科目的选择比例低且逐年缩减。学生考试科目选择行为背后具有多元化的动机,以学科能力和自我发展规划为选科导向的学生,其高考成绩具有相对优势。与之相异,分数策略导向的科目选择反而会造成学生高考成绩下滑。鉴于此,新高考改革在赋予学生选择权的同时,还应建立完善的生涯规划与升学咨询指导体系,提升学生的选择能力与自主意识。

The college entrance examination(CEE)reform has introduced a flexible subject selection system that aimed to promote students'interdisciplinary learning and enrich their knowledge structure.This reform was expected to provide an opportunity for students'individualized learning and diversified development.Using survey data from the reform pilot areas,this study analyzes the status of students'selection of test subjects,clarifies the motivation behind subject selection behaviors,and explores the correlation between subject selection and CEE score.The study found that on one hand,the subject selection system effectively promotes students to develop interdisciplinary learning,but on the other hand,it also leads to a low proportion of physics subject selection.Subject selection behaviors depend on diversified motivations,among which the selection oriented by academic performance or career planning would effectively improve students'CEE score.However,the score-oriented subject selection would not significantly improve students'college entrance examination scores.Therefore,the CEE reform should not only give students the right to select subjects,but also strengthen the support and guidance for students,and help high schools to establish a comprehensive career planning and college counseling system to enhance students'choice ability.