晚清龚振麟铁模铸炮技术优劣的纵横史探究

Research on the Vertical and Horizontal History of Gong Zhenlin Iron Mould Casting Technology in Late Qing Dynasty

鸦片战争爆发以来,在中国占主导地位的泥模铸炮技术确已落后于西方的砂型铸模与实心钻膛技术;浙江嘉兴县丞龚振麟等利用铁模铸炮技术,仿制出中英称誉甚高的铁模铸铜铁炮,还创制出新式的磨盘炮、车轮战船以及火箭摇架装置等新式军器;这一技术革新虽然是中国铸炮史和铸造史上的一个亮点,但在此时期的国内外战争中所发挥的作用有限。

Since the outbreak of the Opium war,China's dominant mud mold casting technology had indeed lagged behind the mainstream sand mold casting and solid bore drilling technology of the western countries,however,during this period,Gong Zhenlin in Zhenhai artillery bureau of China quickly created a kind of new cannon using iron mould casting technology.In addition,he also created a new type of grinding wheel gunboats and warships which had been highly praised.Although this technological innovation is a luminous point in the history of Chinese artillery and foundry,it played a limited role in the domestic and foreign wars during this period.