复杂项目异常行为的组织交互状态研究

Study on Organization Interaction State of Complex Projects’Abnormal Behavior

复杂项目各个参与方的不同专业化分工易引起组织交互的障碍,导致复杂项目存在着难以界定、量化个体行为的巨大挑战和理论瓶颈。参与方之间的返工、积压、变更、索赔等异常行为,极易造成进度受阻,成本超预算等“老大难”问题,更对社会、经济和环境造成不同程度的影响。在此实践情境下,本文基于复杂网络视角,量化返工、积压、变更、索赔等协调异常节点的关联状态,构建复杂网络模型,并通过结构洞的参数识别,对复杂项目内部异常组织节点进行状态诊断与优化。本文选取福州地铁1号线一期工程对网络模型进行检验,提出降低异常行为发生的应对策略。本文的研究通过对复杂项目组织状态的诊断,合理预测异常组织节点可能的范围和存在方式,寻求节点分布规律,具有创新的理论和实践意义。

The segmentation interface and specialized division of labor among the various participants of organizations have brought obstacles to abnormal interaction to varying degrees,which makes the information not transmitted in time and effectively,leading to the huge challenges and theoretical bottlenecks in the practice of complex projects that are difficult to define and quantify individual behaviors and organizations.The abnormal behaviors such as rework,backlog,change,claim and so on among the participants in the complex project seriously hinder the construction progress of the project,greatly exceed the expected cost of the project,and also cause varying degrees of impact on society,economy and the environment.In this practical situation,based on the perspective of complex network,this paper quantifies associations of abnormal node states such as rework,backlog,change and claim,builds a complex network model,diagnose and optimize the status of abnormal organization nodes in complex projects through structural holes parameters.Finally,the validity of the model is tested in the first phase of Fuzhou Metro Line 1,and the countermeasures to reduce the occurrence of abnormal behaviors are proposed.Through the diagnosis of complex project organization state,the research of this paper can reasonably predict the possible scope and existence mode of abnormal organization nodes,and seek the distribution law of nodes,which has innovative theoretical and practical significance.