湖北某矿区地面塌陷机理研究

Study on Mechanism of Ground Collapse in a Mining Area of Hubei Province

为了揭示湖北大冶某矿区地面塌陷机理,结合现场踏勘、钻探以及物探等手段,对该区域工程地质水文地质条件进行了分析,对既有帷幕堵水效果进行了检测。研究表明,区域内第四系覆盖层下碳酸盐岩中岩溶发育,这是形成本区地面塌陷的内因;止水帷幕中三个泄漏点与地下裂隙连通形成过水通道,矿山开采疏排水造成塌陷区地下水流失,这是形成本区地面塌陷的外因;在内外因素共同作用下,地下水流失,地表结构松散的黏土层及砂砾石层产生潜蚀,形成空洞,并不断增大导致塌陷,这是本区地面塌陷的机理。针对本区塌陷机理,推测了塌陷发展趋势,提出了塌陷治理对策,为地方减灾防灾工作提供了理论依据及技术支撑。

In order to reveal the ground collapse mechanism of a mining area in Daye,Hubei Province,field survey,drilling and geophysical exploration were used to analyze the engineering geological and hydrogeological conditions,and test the water plugging effect of the existing curtain.The results show that karst development in carbonate rock under Quaternary sediments is the internal cause of ground collapse in this area;its external causes include three leakage points in water stop curtain which connect with underground fissures to form water passage,causes groundwater loss by drainage of mining water.The joint action of internal and external factors resulted in groundwater loss and surface structure change.The unconsolidated clay layer and sand gravel layers have potential erosion which formed cavities and lead to collapse.According to the collapsing mechanism of this area,the authors propose the development trend and the control suggestion of collapse,which can provide theoretical basis and technical support for local disaster reduction and prevention.