糖尿病高血糖症增加患帕金森病风险的研究进展

Research progresses in diabetic hyperglycemia increasing the risk of Parkinson’s disease

糖尿病(diabetes mellitus,DM)是目前临床上最常见的代谢障碍性疾病,其主要表现为高血糖症,长期的DM病理状态导致机体各项功能紊乱,易引发多种并发症。近几年大量研究显示DM患者可能增加患帕金森病(Parkinson’s disease,PD)的风险,但其具体机制尚不明确。普遍认为可能与DM引起的高血糖症有关,由于大脑对高血糖导致的能量代谢改变相对敏感,因此由血糖升高引起的病理改变包括氧化应激、晚期糖基化终末产物的生成、神经炎症和神经毒性都可能参与多巴胺能神经元的损伤。本文主要从DM高血糖症增加PD风险的作用机制及其防治作一综述。

Diabetes mellitus(DM)is the most common metabolic disorder in the clinic at present,whose main manifestation is hyperglycemia.Long-term pathological state of DM leads to various functional disorders and is easy to cause a variety of complications.In recent years,a large number of studies have shown that patients with DM may increase the risk of suffering from Parkinson’s disease(PD),but the specific mechanism is not certain.Most studies have demonstrated that it may be related to hyperglycemia caused by DM.The brain is relatively sensitive to changes in energy metabolism caused by hyperglycemia,so pathological changes caused by hyperglycemia,including oxidative stress,the formation of advanced glycation end products,neuroinflammation and neurotoxicity,may be involved in the injury of dopaminergic neurons.This article mainly reviews the mechanism of DM hyperglycemia increasing the risk of PD and its prevention and treatment.