超级电容器螺环季铵盐基电解液的共溶剂研究

Study on co-solvents for spiro-type quaternary ammonium salt based electrolyte in supercapacitor

考察己二腈(ADN)、γ-丁内酯(GBL)和碳酸丙烯酯(PC)分别用作电解液1 mol/L SBPBF 4/AN的共溶剂(共溶剂质量分数为10%),对活性炭基超级电容器电化学性能的影响。使用不同共溶剂调制的电解液的超级电容器,均能在0~3.00 V的电压窗口内正常工作,但使用GBL的电解液抗氧化性不强,制备的超级电容器循环稳定性与功率特性较差。使用PC的电解液耐氧化能力较好,制备的超级电容器以1 A/g的电流在0~3.00 V循环4900次后的电容保持率高达95.1%(基于化成后的电容计算),比能量与比功率分别可达35.1 Wh/kg和8130 W/kg。ADN作为共溶剂虽然黏度较高,制备的超级电容器经耐压测试内阻偏大,但是循环与倍率性能与使用PC共溶剂时相近。

Effects of adiponitrile(ADN),γ-butyrolactone(GBL)and propylene carbonate(PC)as co-solvent of 1 mol/L SBPBF 4/AN electrolyte(the mass fraction of the co-solvent was 10%)respectively,on electrochemical performance of the active carbon based supercapacitor were studied.The supercapacitor assembled with various co-solvents all could work normally in the voltage window of 0-3.00 V,but the oxidation resistivity of the GBL-contained electrolyte was defective,the supercapacitor assembled with GBL-contained electrolyte showed poor cycle stability and power performance.The PC-contained electrolyte had fine anti-oxidation ability,the supercapacitor assembled with it had capacitance retention of as high as 95.1%(based on the capacitance after aging)after 4900 cycles in 0-3.00 V at a current of 1 A/g,with the specific energy of 35.1 Wh/kg and specific power of 8130 W/kg.Although ADN had high viscosity as co-solvent,the assembled supercapacitor had a relatively large internal resistance after the withstanding voltage test,the cycle performance and rate capability of the supercapacitor were close to those of PC-contained electrolyte.