重大突发公共卫生事件的风险及其治理——研究的诸领域及其现状评估

The Risk Governance of Major Public Health Emergencies:A Systematic Review of the Research Fields

重大突发公共卫生事件的风险及其治理正成为一个热点议题,受到学术界与实践界的广泛关注。自从公共卫生成为一个专业领域以来,相关的研究可谓是卷帙浩繁、汗牛充栋。从总体上看,重大突发公共卫生事件的风险及其治理已经成为一项跨学科的议题,吸引了不同学科的关注。考虑到重大突发公共卫生事件的风险治理既需要医药卫生等专业知识,也依赖于一般的风险管理体制,大致将研究领域划分为专业取向的医药卫生与防疫领域,以及风险取向的危机和应急管理领域。与此同时,以大数据和人工智能为特征的新兴技术正在迅速地改变着公共卫生和应急管理的实践,也体现在重大突发公共卫生事件的风险及治理研究之中。根据这一领域的总体研究状况,从研究领域和数据技术这两个角度,建构了一个两维的分析框架,框定了重大公共卫生事件的风险及其治理的研究象限。以此框架为基础,对卷帙浩繁的研究文献进行了细致地梳理,旨在揭示出重大突发公共卫生事件风险及其治理研究的领域、现状、发展趋势以及未来的突破点。通过分析可以发现,不同的研究象限由于视角和专业知识方面的差异,各自有着独具特色的核心议题和重要发现,都为重大突发公共卫生事件的风险与治理提供了有益的启示,但同时也都具有一定程度的片面性。未来的研究应当着力于如何整合不同研究象限的发现,以促进生成一个全面系统地防范化解重大公共卫生事件风险的治理体系。

The risks and governance of major public health emergencies are becoming a hot topic,attracting widespread attention from academic and practical circles.Since public health has become a professional research field,the literacy can be described as numerous and numerous.In this article,a two-dimensional analysis framework is constructed to analysis the overall research status in this field,and four research quadrants on the risk of major public health emergencies and their governance are distinguished.Based on the framework,the extensive research literature has been carefully sorted out,revealing the current situation,development trend and future breakthroughs in the field.This analysis will help to promote the further research on major public health emergencies,providing with useful reference and enlightenment.